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NAL-NL2 & DSL m[i/o]: Similarities and Differences

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1.  The use of prescriptions to formulate the initially recommended gain and frequency response of hearing impaired listeners is justified by which of the following reason(s)?
  1. Threshold-based prescriptions use information from a hearing test (i.e., the audiogram) to assist in configuration of the hearing aid treatment device.
  2. Prescriptions focus on creating amplified frequency responses that are in all likelihood
  3. A moderate level of evidence exists for using prescriptive methods to approximate the real-world outcome of the use gain preferred by a group of patients and the initial selection of target gain for average speech input levels has been recommended by evid
  4. All of the above
2.  Hearing aid prescriptions for adults versus children differ for which of the following reasons?
  1. Children with normal hearing require a greater signal intensity than adults to reach maximal speech recognition performance
  2. Children with normal hearing require a broader bandwidth when identifying high-frequency fricatives than adults
  3. Children may need a higher input level to reach the same loudness level as adults
  4. All of the above
3.  A common complaint of the previous prescriptions developed in the 1990s, NAL-NL1 and DSL v4.1, was that the two were:
  1. too soft for adults
  2. too loud for adults
  3. too tinny for adults
  4. none of the above
4.  The frequency responses prescribed by NAL-NL2 and DSL m[i/o]:
  1. are sometimes similar, but can vary by more than 10 dB based on the magnitude and/or configuration of the hearing loss
  2. are always within +/- 2dB
  3. are always within +/- 7 dB
  4. none of the above
5.  Which patient variables could affect the amount of gain prescribed by NAL-NL2?
  1. hearing aid experience
  2. LDL
  3. Both A and B
  4. Neither A nor B
6.  Which patient variables could affect the amount of gain prescribed by DSL m[i/o]?
  1. gender
  2. LDL
  3. both A and B
  4. neither A nor B
7.  The Moore and Glasberg (2004) loudness model calculates that the international long term average speech spectrum of Byrne et al (1994) when adjusted for an overall level of 65 dB SPL has a loudness of approximately ________ sones for persons (both adults
  1. 4.2
  2. 8.5
  3. 14.8
  4. 18.6
8.  Smeds et al (2006 a,b) indicated that the median preferred listening level of adult listeners with hearing impairment was _______ phons less than the loudness perceived by individuals with normal hearing; these results were used to estimate that the
  1. 4; 20.5
  2. 10; 14.5
  3. 14; 8.5
  4. 18; 2.5
9.  In general, research for adult hearing aid wearers of NAL-NL2 and DSL m[i/o] shows that the two prescriptions:
  1. are close to the average user's preferred listening levels, and that predicted speech intelligibility in quiet listening environments is better with the new revisions when compared to previous NAL and DSL versions.
  2. are too loud as compared to the average user's preferred listening levels and provide poor speech intelligibility in quiet listening environments.
  3. are too soft as compared to the average user's preferred listening levels and provide poor speech intelligibility in quiet listening environments.
  4. are close to the average user's preferred listening levels and provide comparable predicted speech intelligibility in quiet and noisy listening environments.
10.  In general, research for pediatric hearing aid wearers of NAL-NL2 and DSL m[i/o] shows that the two prescriptions:
  1. are close to the average user's preferred listening levels, and that predicted speech intelligibility in quiet listening environments is better with the new revisions when compared to previous NAL and DSL versions.
  2. are too loud as compared to the average user's preferred listening levels, and provide poor speech intelligibility in quiet listening environments.
  3. are too soft as compared to the average user's preferred listening levels and provide poor speech intelligibility in quiet listening environments.
  4. are similar to one another with regards to predicted speech intelligibility but dissimilar by more than a factor of two for predicted loudness in the measurement unit of sones for medium and high input levels.