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Tinnitus Mechanisms, Assessment, and Therapy Options

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1.  According to the 80/20 rule for tinnitus: 80% of patients with tinnitus are bothered by it 20% of tinnitus patients are not bothered by it 20% of tinnitus patients are bothered by it None of the above

2.  Which of the following neural mechanisms is currently accepted for tinnitus Spontaneous neural firing Neural reorganization Increase in neural synchrony All of the above

3.  Which of the following is not true about the limbic system: It is not connected with the auditory centers that are associated with tinnitus It controls our emotions It is activated in "fight or flight" situations It is involved in the distress or bothersome nature of tinnitus

4.  Hearing aids tend to: Amplify tinnitus Have generally little effects on tinnitus Amplify environmental sounds and suppress tinnitus Increase somatosounds created within body to limit tinnitus

5.  The discordant damage theory proposes that tinnitus signal originates from differential damage to: Limbic and autonomic nervous system Inner hair cells and Outer hair cells Spiral ganglion neurons and cortical neurons None of the above

6.  Sound therapy can facilitate habituation of tinnitus by: Encouraging silence Causing hyperacusis Enriching the background sound environment None of the above

7.  The sympathetic nervous system is involved in: Physiological reactions such as increased heart rate in ‘fight or flight’ situations Increasing general level of alertness Tinnitus generation by being activated by negative feelings towards the tinnitus signal All of the above

8.  Habituation is a goal of Tinnitus retraining therapy that ensures: Fatigue of peripheral auditory neurons Fatigue of central auditory neurons Neural activity of tinnitus is blocked from reaching the limbic and autonomic nervous systems None of the above

9.  Which of the following audiological measures is least suited for tinnitus evaluation: Auditory Brainstem Response Pitch matching, loudness matching, Minimal masking level Otoacoustic emissions LDLs

10.  Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is intended to: Reduce the perceived loudness of the tinnitus Eliminate the tinnitus Reduce the perceived pitch of the tinnitus Reduce the negative reaction to tinnitus and cope with it