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20Q: Tinnitus and Hyperacusis - Beyond the Ear

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1.  Most tinnitus patients can modulate their tinnitus by: humming moving the head, neck, jaw and shoulders concentrating eye movement

2.  The use of lidocaine may: induce tinnitus make tinnitus louder reduce the loudness of tinnitus all of the above

3.  Looking at neural activity associated with lidocaine-induced changes in tinnitus supports a: vestibular origin for tinnitus cochlear origin for tinnitus central origin for tinnitus peripheral origin for tinnitus

4.  The first behavioral method for assessing tinnitus in an animal model was developed by: Tyler Jastreboff Salvi Sweetow

5.  Studying tinnitus and hyperacusis in animals requires: inducing tinnitus and/or hyperacusis use of negative and/or positive reinforcement techniques both A and B none of the above

6.  Studies of salicylate-induced ototoxicity resulted in: less neural activity in the cochlea, and increased neural activity in the central auditory pathways less neural activity in the cochlea and central auditory pathways increased neural activity in the cochlea and decreased neural activity in the central auditory pathways increased neural activity in the coclea and in central auditory pathways

7.  Researchers have found that as a result of ototoxicity, effects can be seen in the: ear auditory cortex amygdala all of the above

8.  Functional connectivity in the brain refers to: how different brain regions may be coupled and communicating study of afferent connections degeneration in cortical matter as a function of aging the number of neural connections between two distinct brain regions

9.  fMRI studies found: multiple regions of the brain were affected by high doses of salicylate saline and salicylate had the same affect on the brain the ALFF measurement technique is not valid salicylate only impacts the ear; neural responses for the brain and brainstem are not affected

10.  Which statement best summarizes the research discussed in this article? Findings from studies of tinnitus and hyperacusis in animal models do not translate to humans. Patients with debilitating tinnitus and hyperacusis respond to sound in a complex manner involving many brain regions. Findings from studies of tinnitus and hyperacusis in animal models support the notion that there will likely be one cure that will work for most patients with tinnitus. Tinnitus and hyperacusis originate in the cochlea; inner ear hair cells become hyperactive when adjacent hair cells are hypoactive.