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Tinnitus: Clinical Evaluation, Differential Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Options

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1.  What is subjective tinnitus?
  1. A sound produced by para-auditory structures.
  2. A sound audible to an examiner.
  3. A perception of sound heard only by the patient.
  4. A sound that is not perceived by the patient.
2.  Which of the following therapies should be recommended for patients with subjective tinnitus according to the AAO-HNSF clinical practice guidelines?
  1. Cognitive behavioral therapy
  2. Medical therapies, such as antidepressants, anticonvulsants, or anxiolytics
  3. Dietary supplements, such as Ginkgo biloba, melatonin, or zinc
  4. Acupuncture
3.  Which of the following conditions indicate imaging studies may be indicated in the evaluation of subjective tinnitus?
  1. Depression
  2. Asymmetric hearing loss
  3. Meniere's disease
  4. TMJ
4.  What is the most common cause of pulsatile tinnitus in patients over 50 years of age?
  1. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH)
  2. Dural AV Fistulae
  3. Glomus jugulotympanicum
  4. Atherosclerotic carotid artery disease (ACAD)
5.  Which of the following is NOT one of the three requirements for a diagnosis of pulsatile tinnitus?
  1. An identified source in the cranial vault and/or head and neck
  2. A functional cochlea
  3. A conductive hearing loss in the affected ear
  4. Turbulent blood flow

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