Exam Preview

10th Annual Noise Induced Hearing Loss Webinar Series

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1.  According to the "Three Levels of Acceptable Risk" paradigm, what is the 8-hr Leq for the "lowest risk" profile (no risk)? 95 dBA 105 dBA 80 dBA 75 dBA

2.  According to WHO (2015) how many young people could be at risk for hearing loss from unsafe listening practices? 110 million 1.1 billion 10 million 10 billion

3.  The purpose of the Subgroup on Standards for Portable Audio Systems (PAS) is: To include automatic timers that shut off listening devices that reach unsafe levels To advocate for PAS use only in adults (18+) Provide guidance to manufacturers, end users and public health professionals on how to provide and make tools to make PAS use safer To increase global regulations on output/level limits

4.  An important part of the solution to making listening safe includes: Fear mongering from parents and grandparents of children about the dangers of hearing loss Public campaigns to only use portable audio devices in quiet places Government regulations to reduce ambient noise levels in public places Public service announcements and peer-to-peer messaging about safe listening and respecting the ears

5.  In personal audio systems, why is dosimetry superior to volume control level limits? Because hearing loss risk is determined by the level-over-time, rather than instantaneous sound level Because dosimetry is easier to measure than instantaneous sound level Because dosimetry can only be determined in Bluetooth enabled devices Because volume control limits have never been implemented in personal audio systems

6.  The neurophysiological model of tinnitus created by the Jastreboffs is based on connections between the: auditory, limbic, and somatosensory systems auditory, limbic, and autonomic-nervous systems auditory, autonomic-nervous, and motor systems auditory, autonomic-nervous, and endocrine systems

7.  Hyperacusis is defined as abnormally high activation of the autonomic nervous system due to: high amplification of the auditory system auditory dysfunction caused by cochlear damage auditory dysfunction caused by neural damage overamplification occurring at connections between the auditory pathways and autonomic nervous system

8.  Misophonia occurs when there is abnormally high activation of the autonomic nervous system due to: high amplification of the auditory system auditory dysfunction caused by cochlear damage auditory dysfunction caused by neural damage overamplification occurring at connections between the auditory pathways and autonomic nervous system

9.  Which of the following is a warning sign for suicidal behavior? talking about being a burden to others very stable mood talking about feeling hopeful social engagement

10.  A tip for dealing with someone who is threatening suicide or displaying warning signs would be to: swear to keep what they have told you a secret act disinterested so that they will stop talking about it get help from persons or agencies specializing in crisis intervention and suicide prevention reassure them that everything will turn out fine

11.  Which of the following structures tend to be the most vulnerable in noise-induced hearing loss: The hair cells The stria vascularis The spiral ganglion cells The synaptic connections between spiral ganglion cells and inner hair cells

12.  If a patient shows a prominent 4-kHz notch in the audiogram, which of the following is most likely true about the 4 kHz cochlear region: There is selective inner hair cell damage There is selective outer hair cell damage There is selective loss of auditory nerve fibers There is no damage to either hair cells or auditory nerve fibers

13.  The phenomenon of cochlear synaptopathy has been called hidden hearing loss, because: Neural loss has little effect on audiometric thresholds until it becomes severe and cochlear synapses are difficult to see in routine histological material There are no tests to diagnosis it It only occurs in children No hearing loss actually exists

14.  In animal models, what type of pathophysiology is suggestive of cochlear synaptopathy? Pure synaptopathy causes no changes in any physiological measure Threshold elevation for the ABR without change in thresholds for DPOAEs Reduction in suprathreshold amplitudes of ABR wave 1 Threshold elevation for both ABRs and DPOAEs

15.  What types of hearing impairment should theoretically be caused by cochlear synaptopathy without hair cell damage? High-frequency threshold elevation Low-frequency threshold elevation Both high- and low-frequency threshold elevation Difficulty understanding speech in noise