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Vanderbilt Audiology Journal Club: Cognition and Self-Efficacy

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1.  In their article in the Journal of the American Academy of Audiology, how did Bennett and colleagues (2019) evaluate ways patients acquire hearing aid handling skills? Concept mapping based on brainstorming Correlations between surveys Observations in real clinics Recorded laboratory testing

2.  According to Bennett and colleagues (2019), which of the following is not a common way patients successfully acquire hearing aid handling skills? Training by clinician Client – clinician relationship Hands-on experience and practice Reading pamphlets alone at home

3.  In their article in the American Journal of Audiology, how did Convery and colleagues (2019) evaluate the relationship between hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit? Concept mapping based on brainstorming Correlations between surveys Observations in real clinics Recorded laboratory testing

4.  According to Convery and colleagues (2019), which is most accurate regarding the relationship between hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit? People who self-manage their hearing loss better report lower levels of hearing aid benefit than those who don’t self-manage well (and it’s a strong relationship) There’s no relationship between self-management and hearing aid benefit People who self-manage their hearing loss better report higher levels of hearing aid benefit those who don’t self-manage well (and it’s a strong relationship) People who self-manage their hearing loss better report higher levels of hearing aid benefit those who don’t self-manage well (and it’s a very weak relationship)

5.  In their Ear and Hearing article, Convery and colleagues (2019) evaluated new and experienced users’ abilities to self-fit a hearing aid. What did they find? Not everybody was able to self-fit the hearing aids People who owned hearing aids already and had mobile phone were more likely to successfully self-fit the hearing aids More than half of people who successfully self-fit the hearing aids needed assistance from support personnel All of the above

6.  Many studies have now shown that age-related hearing loss is associated with decreased cognitive function. However, Sarant et al. (2020) point out that this does not necessarily mean increased hearing loss results in cognitive decline because: Some people don’t have “real” hearing loss because they wear hearing aids. Actually, this study proved hearing loss does result in cognitive decline. Neuropathic changes and microvascular pathology associated with aging increase the risk of both hearing loss and cognitive decline. None of the above

7.  One of the key findings of Sarant et al. (2020) was a statistically significant improvement in cognition after 18 months of hearing aid use in a group of 98 older adults. However, the caution that further studies are needed before drawing firm conclusions because: Their study was poorly designed The sample size was limited They had errors in their statistical analysis All of the above

8.  Although not conclusive, the data of Sarant et al. (2020) also suggested an interesting result related to sex. Specifically: Women were smarter than men. Men were smarter than women. Hearing aids improved cognitive processing speed in more men than women. Clinically significant improvements in working memory were associated with hearing aid use, but only in women.

9.  There is hope that hearing aids may have benefits related to cognitive decline. However, the research of Gregory and colleagues (2020), was designed to: Identify barriers to hearing aid use in individuals with dementia. Demonstrate the social benefits related to hearing aid use in individuals with cognitive decline. Demonstrate the speech recognition benefits related to hearing aid use in individuals with mild cognitive impairment. All of the above

10.  Which of the following was not a general theme identified by Gregory and colleagues (2020): Benefit Device Use Ambivalence Cost