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20Q: Preschool Hearing Screening is Essential for Early Identification of Childhood Hearing Loss

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1.  The goal of US early hearing detection and intervention programs is hearing screening before age _______, appropriate audiological follow up before age _______, and delivery of intervention services if applicable before age ______. 1 year/3 years/6 years 1 week/3 weeks/6 weeks 1 month/3 months/6 months 6 months/9 months/1 year

2.  Although universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) in the US only misses ______% of newborns, the actual number of infants who do not undergo screening may be significant in states with a large number of births. <5 10 15 25

3.  A reason why infants who obtain a "refer" result on a newborn hearing screening do not follow up is: Infant/family lives in a state different from state where birth occurred Parents and/or physician has misinformation/inadequate information Transportation issues All of the above

4.  If EHDI programs screened 100% of babies, and 100% of those who obtained a "refer" result followed up, then: There would be no need for preschool hearing screening Preschool hearing screening would still be important due to acquired hearing losses and other factors during this critical time in development Hearing screening would not be needed unless noise induced hearing loss was suspected None of the above

5.  Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for childhood hearing loss? Family history of hearing loss Intensive care stay of more than 5 days Birth weight over 8 pounds Craniofacial anomalies

6.  Reliance on only behavioral pure tone screening for preschool hearing screening is not recommended for many reasons, including: It cannot be used on all children under age 3 It requires trained and skilled personnel to administer It takes a long time to administer compared to other measures All of the above

7.  Advantages of using otoacoustic emission (OAE) measures in preschool hearing screening include all of the following except: Long test times Objective measure; behavioral response is not required Equipment is portable and testing can be done in typical school or office settings Results are not affected by listener variables such as age, cognitive status, etc.

8.  When analyzing OAE results for the purpose of preschool hearing screening, it is recommended to use two criteria to determine pass/fail: the relative difference between OAE amplitude versus noise floor levels, and the absolute OAE amplitude. Using these two criteria: Will increase sensitivity to mild sensory or conductive hearing loss Reduce false negative errors Both A and B None of the above

9.  Tympanometry testing: Is not recommended with the preschool population as results are not reliable Is recommended for all preschoolers who undergo hearing screening, regardless of OAE results Is recommended for preschoolers who do not pass the initial OAE screening as part of a hearing screening protocol Is not part of any hearing screening or follow up protocol

10.  Acoustic reflex testing in young children: Should not be performed with preschoolers as the noise will scare them and they will likely not participate in further audiological testing Should only be performed to confirm suspected conductive hearing loss following tympanometry Should be performed with pure tone stimuli in infants and preschoolers Should be performed using a broadband noise stimulus as a follow up when sensory loss is suspected