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Leisure Noise and Hearing, presented in partnership with Seminars in Hearing

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1.  What lasting physiological effect of noise exposure has been shown by Kujawa and Liberman, even after TTS has recovered, using mice as a model? Permanent change in behavioral threshold Chronic tinnitus Lasting decrease in OAE amplitude Lasting decrease in ABR amplitude

2.  The original definition explicitly proposed for hidden hearing loss was: Decreased DPOAE amplitude as a result of cochlear synaptopthy. Decreased speech in noise identification scores as a result of cochlear synaptopthy. Decreased ABR wave I amplitude as a result of cochlear synaptopthy. Tinnitus as a result of cochlear synaptopthy.

3.  What is the most appropriate conclusion about the risks of TTS at this time? TTS is harmful to humans, and businesses should be required to prevent any TTS in workers. TTS is harmful to mice, but, those outcomes are not be relevant to humans. TTS may be more harmful than previously believed, and additional research is needed to understand risk. Clinicians should routinely measure ABRs in every noise exposed patient; if they don't, they are guilty of malpractice.

4.  The proportion of young adults (non-impaired hearing) with noise exposure above an acceptable level, in the reported study, was approximately: One in four One in three Nearly 100% Less than 10%

5.  The proportion of young adults (hearing impaired) with noise exposure above an acceptable level, in the reported study, was approximately: The same as for adults with non-impaired hearing. One in ten One in five 40%

6.  Overall, data obtained in this study: Suggest teenagers should not listen to loud music. Reveal no association between pure tone threshold levels and whole-of-life noise exposure. Support hearing screening in high school students. Highlight an ignorance of the risks of noise exposure among young people.

7.  What factors influence the risk posed by PLD exposure? Listening duration, transducer type. Listening volume, transducer type. Listening volume, music genre. Listening volume, listening duration.

8.  The two environments accounting for the greatest percentage of total listening durations were: Commuting, Exercising Outdoors. Gym, Working in a busy environment. Leisure time at home, Working in a quiet environment. Leisure time at home, commuting.

9.  What message is likely to be LEAST relevant for helping PLD users to lower their risk of hearing damage? Minimize PLD use whilst exercising Use well-fitting earbuds/headphones Lower the listening volume Reduce the listening time

10.  What is the perceived benefit of loud sound? Loud sound enables sleep. Loud sound causes hearing loss Masking of both external sound and unwanted thoughts. To mask personal identity.

11.  What are the soundscape dimensions of relevance to the perception of music in nightclubs? Fun and Excitement Speed and Activation Loudness and Pitch Eventfulness and Pleasantness

12.  Self-reported behaviour around loud sound did not improve after our intervention. What do we think is the most likely explanation? The intervention had no effect. We could not prevent people's ears adapting to noisy environments. The acculturation to loud music was hard to break. People listened to music on their phones.

13.  When measured at the left ear of the recreational shooter and compared to rifles, pistols have: Lower peak sound pressure levels than a rifle because the firearm is smaller. Lower peak sound pressure levels than a rifle because the projectiles do not break the speed of sound. Higher peak sound pressure levels than a rifle because the projectiles have more gunpowder. Higher peak sound pressure levels than a rifle because the muzzle is in closer proximity to the ear.

14.  Quantifying the risk to the auditory system based on the acoustic characteristics of impulse noise are called: Waveform Criteria Cochlear Risk Criteria Damage Risk Criteria Auditory Damage Criteria

15.  A passive (non-electronic) earplug designed with a small-orifice filter does which of the following? Amplifies low level sounds and attenuates high level impulse sounds. Attenuates both low level and high impulse level sounds. Maintains audibility of low sound pressure levels and attenuates at high peak sound pressure levels for impulse sounds. Adequately protects the ear at all peak sound pressure levels up to 180 dB.